Turning 65 is an exciting milestone, and with it comes a new journey into Medicare and Social Security. The process might seem confusing, but it doesn't have to be. This easy-to-follow guide will walk you through everything you need to know to sign up for Original Medicare (Parts A and B) and Social Security benefits with confidence.
What You Need to Know First: Your Initial Enrollment Period (IEP)
When you become eligible for Original Medicare, you get a 7-month window to enroll called your Initial Enrollment Period (IEP). It is made up of:
The three months before your 65th birthday month.
Your 65th birthday month.
The three months after your 65th birthday month.
The best time to sign up is in the three months before your birthday month. This ensures your coverage begins on time and you avoid any potential late enrollment penalties.
Step 1: Check If You Need to Sign Up
Many people are automatically enrolled in Medicare Part A and Part B. You'll get your Medicare card in the mail about three months before your 65th birthday if you:
Are already receiving Social Security benefits.
Are already receiving Railroad Retirement Board benefits.
If you are not receiving either of these benefits, you will need to sign up for Medicare.
Step 2: Gather Your Documents
Before you begin, have these key items ready:
Your Social Security number
Your birth certificate or other proof of age
Your U.S. citizenship or legal resident documents
Step 3: Choose How to Sign Up
You have three easy options for enrolling in Medicare and Social Security:
Online: Visit the official Social Security Administration website to enroll at www.ssa.gov/benefits/medicare. It's the fastest and most convenient way to apply.
By Phone: Call Social Security at 1-800-772-1213 (TTY 1-877-486-2048) to speak with a representative.
In Person: Visit your local Social Security office to apply in person.
Step 4: Understand the Two Parts of Original Medicare
Original Medicare is made up of two parts:
Medicare Part A (Hospital Insurance)
Medicare Part A helps cover:
Inpatient hospital stays
Skilled nursing facility care
Hospice care
Home health services
Medicare Part A is free if you have worked and paid Medicare taxes in the U.S. for at least 10 years. You may also be eligible because of your current or former spouse’s employment.
Medicare Part B (Medical Insurance)
Medicare Part B helps cover:
Doctor visits
Outpatient care
Medical supplies
Some preventive services, like annual wellness visits, vaccinations, and certain health screenings
Most people pay a monthly premium for Part B, which is based on their income level. You can see what your premium might be at Medicare.gov.
Your Action Plan: An Easy-to-Follow Medicare Enrollment Checklist
We’ve outlined an easy-to-follow checklist and timeline for your Initial Enrollment Period below, but you can also find a printable version here.
3-5 Months Before Your 65th Birthday
Find out if you'll be automatically enrolled in Original Medicare.
Gather all your personal documents and information.
Research your enrollment options and decide how you will sign up.
3 Months Before Your 65th Birthday
If you are not automatically enrolled, submit your application for Original Medicare and Social Security benefits.
Double-check that your application is complete to avoid delays.
2 Months Before Your 65th Birthday
Keep an eye on your mailbox for your Medicare card.
1 Month Before Your 65th Birthday
If you have not received your Medicare card, call Social Security to check the status of your application.
Review your Medicare coverage options and consider if comparing your current plan with the available Medicare Advantage plans in your area is the right choice for you.
What's next? Understand your Medicare choices.
Once you've enrolled in Original Medicare, your journey to better health coverage is just beginning. The choices you make during this Initial Enrollment Period will set the foundation for your healthcare in retirement. By using the checklist and information provided in the article, you can feel reassured when enrolling in Original Medicare.
